1. An expert was flown into town the day after the violent storm to ___ the damage and provide the mayor with a cost estimate rebuilding.
(A) emphasize
(B) assign
(C) decide
(D) assess
flown : fly의 과거분사, violent : 격렬한, 맹렬한, assess : 측정하다, 평가하다
해석 : 전문가는 격렬한 폭풍이 있던날 다음에 피해를 측정하고 시장에게 복구에 관한 비용 측정을 제공하기 위해여 마을에 도착하였다.
2. The ___ increase in demand for the company's products was a surprise to the marketing team whose projections were about 20 percent less than actual sales
(A) notable
(B) eminent
(C) private
(D) elaborate
projection : 예상, 예측 notable : 주목할 만한 eminent : 저명한, 훌륭한 elaborate : 정교한
그 회사 제품에 대한 주목할 만한 수요 증가는 실제 판매보다 20퍼센트 적게 예상한 마케팅팀에게 놀라운 일이었다.
+ whose 포인트
ex1) Boston officials have advised commuters whose routes take them past the stadium to expect delays today caused by the baseball game.
ex2) Amanda checked the chart to find out whose turn it was to clean the break room.
whose + 무관사명사
1) (생략) ___ she ( 생략) -> whom
2) (생략) ___ a client -> whom
3. The entire staff has been busy ___ through the week to complete the annual report before the board of directors meeting.
(A) work
(B) worked
(C) working
(D) to work
be busy (in) -ing : ~하느라 바쁘다
4. The cost of tomatoes went up significantly this season, but their scarcity ___ the price increase.
(A) proved
(B) justified : 정당화하다, 당연하게 만들다
(C) reminded : 상기시키다
(D) contributed
prove
2형식 [증명되다] * The price proved too high
3형식 [증명하다] * The price increase proved the scarcity
5형식 [증명하다] * By leading the project successfully, he proved himself competent.
remind, inform, notify : 상시키시다
+ 누구에게 + of(about) 무엇을
+ 누구에게 + that절
* The manager reminded his staff of the next week's meeting
contribute to : 기여하다
* Andrew obviously contributed to the growth of the company
* the scarcity contributed to the price increase.
ex1) To contribute to our organization, you can visit our Web Site at www.~.net and ~
*부사적 역할 to v = in order to = so as to : ~하기 위하여
문장 서두에 to v / ving를 구분할 경우 to v는 미래, ving는 과거로 의미 구분
5. ever : 부정문, if절, 비교급/최상급
*she hardly ever visit the store
*if you're ever wondering the terms of the contract, please contact Alfred in HR.
*The figures of sales are higher than ever
6. 삽입구 [=부사]
I think, I guess, I consider, I believe : 내 생각에는
*you I think should apply for the job
*The book I believe is worth reading
ex) When a gift arrived for Ms. ory, her coworkers guessed at ___ they thought was inside the box.
___ -> what
they thought은 삽입구로 쓰였고, 이를 빼고 구조를 보면 주어가 없기에 what이 명사절 접속사로서 주어 역할을 대신한다.
7. ~관한, ~대한
about, on
regarding, concerning, pertaining to
as to, in regard to, in reference to
*dispute over, concern over
8. by
by + 장소명사 : ~옆에
by + 시점명사 : ~까지
by + 사람 : ~의해서
by + ing : ~함으로써
*숙어
by train [교통]
by email [통신]
by cash [지불]
9. 감정분사의 사용
distracted : 산만함을 느끼는
bewildered (=embrassed) : 당황한
annoyed : 짜증난
rewarded : 보람을 느끼는
overwhelmed : 압도당한
Those living near the highway report that the noise from the road at rush hour has become ___
(A) overwhelming
(B) overwhelmed
the noise가 압도되는지, 압도하는지에 대한 판별로 될 때는 사람, 되게 하는 사물이므로 overwhelming이 정답이다.
ex2) The persistent problems with the wireless router were ___, so the manager took it to a repair center.
(A) frustrated
(B) frustrating
감정동사의 분사
1. 주어 혹은 꾸밈받는 명사가 감정을 느끼면 -ed (p.p)
2. 주어 혹은 꾸밈 받는 명사가 감정의 원인이면 -ing
10. After the writer received several rejection letters from publishers, she became ____ determined to have her first novel published.
(A) on the whole : 대체로
(B) all the more : 더욱더
(C) all the same : 그래도, 여전히
(D) all in all : 대체로
11. The marketing team convened to discuss what ____ of advertising would be most effective given their objective of expanding their target market
(A) advices : 충고, 조언
(B) forms : 형태, 형상
(C) rules : 원칙, 규율
(D) deeds : 행위, 업적
12. A commitee of landscape architects is studying the ___ of installing a golf course on a tract of land owned by the local government.
(A) expectation
(B) feasibility : 가능성
(C) assumption : 가정, 가설
(D) hypothesis
tract : 넓은 토지, 넓은 면적 install : 건설하다, 설치하다
13. The concert organizers decided to hire extra security staff to ___ the audience during the Take Time performance.
(A) control : 통제하다
(B) examine : 조사하다
(C) visualize : 눈에 보이게 하다, 시각화하다
(D) determine : 결정하다
14. ___ a few select employees, no one was aware that the CEO was going to visit the factory for an inspection on Wednesday.
(A) As of : ~부터, ~부로
(B) Close to
(C) In spite of : ~에도 불구하고
(D) aside from : ~을 제외하고, ~외에는
15. The position of interior decorator offers a generous compensation package ___ excellent working conditions and opportunities for advancement.
(A) up to : ~까지, ~에 달하여
(B) in addition to : ~에 덧붙여
(C) provided that : 오직 ~하는 경우에만
(D) in keeping with : ~와 어울려, 일치하여
16. Human resources ___ four computers for its office but later decided to make do with three.
(A) is requested
(B) has requested
(C) had requested
(D) was requested
17. The editor had selected an article to include in the next issue of True Fashion, but she left her office without mentioning ___ one.
(A) only
(B) which
(C) for
(D) any
which 한정사로 mentioning의 목적어 역할
18. Guthrie Bus Line's board directors recently ___ Brandon Noland the new chief executive director for the southeast region.
(A) appointed
(B) will be appointed
(C) have been appointed
(D) appointing
19. Membership with Blue Waters Spa and Salon entitles the cardholder ____ unrestricted access to the facility's swimming pool, gym room and sauna.
(A) on
(B) of
(C) to
(D) in
entitle to : 접근 자격을 주다
access to 일 때, access는 명사 / access + O일 때 access는 타동사
20. If you have already signed up for automatic payments, ___ no further steps are required
해석 : 당신이 자동 결제에 이미 등록해놓은 상태이면, 그렇다면 더이상의 단계는 요구되지 않는다.
(A) even
(B) additional
(C) then : 그렇다면
(D) until
21. describe A as B : A를 B라고 설명하다.
The restaurant critic (for the Montreal Times) described the food (at Corban's Kitchen) as affordable and authentic
22. expand into : ~로 확장하다, ~로 진출하다.
Zoticos Clothing, Inc. has acquired two other retail companies as part of a plan to expand into Europe and Asia.
23. Although the author ___ presents the purchase of real estate as a safe investment, she later describes times that it might be risky.
(A) highly
(B) afterward
(C) quite
(D) initially
24. 감정 형용사 + to v : be pleased to v
Busan Cosmetics is pleased to ___ Jin-Sook Kim, a new team member in product development.
25. 미래시제와 어울리는 부사 어휘
The Human Resources Department will ____ request that employees update their personal contact information for the company's records.
(A) occationally
(B) previously
(C) recently : +과거
(D) lately
26. All staff members should log in to their time and labor ____ daily to record their hours worked.
해석 : 모든 직원들은 그들의 근로 시간을 매일 기록하기 위해 그들의 시간과 근로 계정에 로그인해야한다.
(A) accounts
(B) accounted
(C) accountant
(D) accountable
27. Customers can obtain coverage for replacement and repair of printers ____ the purchase of an extended warranty.
(A) although
(B) because
(C) since
(D) through : ~를 통하여
coverage : 보장범위
28. We regret to announce that Mr.Charles Appiah has resigned his position as senior sales manager, ___ next Monday.
-> (which will be) effective
(A) effect
(B) effected
(C) effectiveness
(D) effective
regret to v : ~하게 되어 유감이다
29. Several letters of reference from local community organizations are required for ___ into the Cypress Beach Business Association.
(A) acquisition : 습득 ; 구입한 것 ; 인수
(B) acceptance : 가입 허가
(C) prospects : 가방
(D) improvement
30. After becoming ____ with the facts of the case, the committee spent the morning discussing whether the employee's contract should be terminated.
(A) seasoned : 경험많은, 노련한
(B) confirmed : 확고부동한
(C) acquainted : 알고 있는
(D) disciplined : 훈련 받은
31. Most applicants to Shim Accounting Services have completed a ___ internship at the company headquarters.
(A) clear : 명료한, 분명한
(B) present : 참석한, 존재하는
(C) taken
(D) paid
이건 그냥 통째로 보자 paid internship : 유급 인턴쉽
32. in these times : 오늘날, 이런 시대에
ex1) The article stated in these times, the cellular phone is probably the most useful and one of the least expensive gadgets to own.
+@ one of + 복수명사
ex2) Most hoteliers say that one of the real challenges of the industry is staying sustainable during economic crises.
33. ____ a small festival celebrating the town's heritage, the Clarytown Celebration has become one of the biggest annual events in the area.
while the Clarytown Celebration was originally ~
the Clarytown Celebration was originally ~
being originally ~
originally ~
(A) originally
(B) origin
(C) originated
(D) originate
34. ___ employees afftected by changes to Linerex Corporation's health plan should watch the online presentation.
(A) Every + 단수
(B) Much + 단수 불가산
(C) Those + 복수
(D) Which
35. Attached you will find a brochure about SJC's support network, including a list of all the organizations ____ we make donations worldwide.
(A) to which : 대상을 지칭 donation to / donate to
- we make donations to all the organization.
- ~, including a list of all the organizations which we make donations to worldwide.
(B) in which
(C) on which
(D) of which
36. unless : 아니라면 if not
조건 unless 현제시제 + 주절[현재 or 미래]
가정 unless 과거시제 + 주절[would v]
ex1) Unless the CEO is required to stay in Lisbon overnight, we expect to see him back in his London office tomorrow morning.
37. 비교급 수식/강조 부사
a lot / far / much / by far'/ still / a lot = *상당히 + 비교급
* considerably, substantial, significantly, remarkably, markedly
ex1) Because of her advanced degree, Mina was far more qualified than Chuck for the research position.
38. 형용사를 목적격 보어로 취하는 5형식 동사
keep, find, make, deem, consider, leave, prove + o + o.c(형용사)
ex1) Industry analysts predict that rising oil prices will make gas price increases of up to 20 percent ___ in some Western countries.
(A) obtainable : 획득할 수 있는
(B) possible : 가능성 있는
(C) returnable : 환불 가능한
(D) consumable : 소비재의, 소모품의
make + o + o.c(형용사) ; 가스 가격 상승이 최대 20퍼센트가 될 가능성이 있다
39. to v와 동명사를 모두 목적어로 취하는 동사
-의미변화 x
(1) 좋아하다 : like, love, prefer
(2) 시작하다, 계속하다 : start, begin, continue
(3) 의도하다, 시도하다 : intend, attempt
기타 : purpose
-의미변화 o
(1) forget/remember to do[할 일] / doing [한 일]
(2) regret to do [유감이다] / doing [후회하다]
(3) try to do [노력하다] / doing [시도하다]
ex1) If you're going to be out of the office for more than a week, don't forget ___ your computer.
(A) to unplug
(B) unplugging
40. whole vs all/most/some and one/every/each/another
a whole pie
(1) all, most, some + 가산 s/불가산
(2) all apples vs a whole apple
one/each/every/another [a, an] + 단수가산명사
(1) 형용사 : each, one, every + 단수 가산 명사
(2) 명사 : one, each, of the 복수명사
41. be aware of 명사 / be aware that s+v
42. notice : <n>공지, 눈치채다 / notify 사람 of N : 누구에게 ~을 알리다
42. account - 자동사 중요
<타> 간주하다
<자> + for : 설명하다, 차지하다
ex1) The event organizer should account for all the expenses they sent
ex2) Asian students account for the majority of the department
+@ the majority of : 대다수
ex2-1) Although media coverage tends to focus on the success stories of dot-coms, the majority of Internet start-up companies fail within one year.
43. limit, restrict A to B : A를 B로 제한하다
ex) limit the time of the presentation to 30 minutes only
44. 목적격 관계대명사의 위치
(1) 접속사 + 대명사 = 관계대명사
(2) 전치사 뒤 : 목적격 관계대명사
*and them = 목적격 관계대명사
ex) Both the accounts manager and the sales associate came from Rogers College, both of whom had taken the same business class.
45. so ~ that과 such ~ that : 너무 ~해서 ~할 수 밖에 없다
so 형/부 that s+v
such (형) 명 that s+v
ex1) The seminar had such high attendance that some attendees had to stand at the back of the room.
ex2) The holiday light display was so ___ that the city decided to leave it up for an extra two weeks
(A) popular
(B) popularity
(C) popularly
(D) popularize
46. worth : 가치있는
*전치사적 형용사
(1) The book is worth reading (x : to read)
(2) This computer is valued(x : worth) at $500
파생 어휘
worthiness : 가치있음, 출중한
worthwhile : [형] ~할 보람 있는 be worthwhile to do
(1) worthy[명사앞] : 훌륭한
[worthy of 명사] : (~받을) 자격이 있는
(2) 최상급 : 보어자리 형용사 or 부사의 최상급은 한정사 x
ex) she is worthiest of the award
47. struggle to/for/againist
48. 종속절에 동사원형을 동반하는 구조
(1) 제안, 주장, 명령, 요청 + that + s + (should) + v
request, suggest, ask, recommend, demand, insist + that + s + (should) +v
(2) it is 중요한 + that + s + (should) v
important, necessary, essential, vital, imperative, mandatory + that s + (should) v
49. 미래시제
(1) will, be going to
be expected to, be scheduled to
(2) 주어[사람] is+ing : 가까운 미래
(3) 주어[사물, 일반] 현제시제 : 가까운 미래
begin, start, finish,. conclude, expire
50. with를 동반하는 동사
provide, supply 누구에게 with 무엇을
provide, supply 무엇을 to 누구에게
+Q
Detailed schedules of the next shareholder's meeting will be provided by the marketing director.
- provide 사람 with 무엇이므로 marketing director는 사람이라서 with 동반 x
equip 누구에게 with 무엇을
교환하다
replace, substitute, exchange A with B
익숙하게 만들다
acquaint, familiarize A with B
51. 가정법 과거 완료(과거의 상황 반대)
해석 방법 - 과거 상황의 반대
ex) I should have attended the meeting : 회의 참석 x
52. 시간, 조건의 부사절 - 현재시제가 미래시제를 대신
ex1) I will place my order as soon as this information is provided.
ex2) ___ all the invited guests arrive on time, we will have to prepare to serve
(A) Because 이유 (B) once : 일단 ~하면
ex3) Once the new office is set up in Denver, Mr.Sanders will transfer there to serve as a regional manager.
53. 최상급 수식 부사
최상급 앞 quite/by far + the ~est
최상급 뒤 the ~est +ever/possible
최상급 사이 the single/very ~est
ex1) Participation this year was the largest ___ in the history of the Securitas conference.
(A) totally
(B) ever
(C) soon
(D) hardly
54. exceed 품사 정리
excessive : [형용사] 과도한
excess : [명사] 초과
exceed : [동사] 초과하다
55. Renovations on the top floor of the Melaka Building are set to ___ after the elevators are installed in early August.
(A) expire
(B) construct
(C) commence : 시작하다
(D) arrange
56. The fragrance company has decided to release its new perfume a week earlier to ____ with their tenth anniversary.
(A) coincide + with : ~와 동시에 일어나다
(B) comprise : ~으로 구성되다
(C) entail : 수반하다
(D) encompass : 포함하다, 아우르다.
fragrance : 향수, 향기
57. introductory의 뜻 : 출시 기념의 첫 구매 기념의
At Ben Flores Blinds, first-time customers can benefit from introductory rates of 30 percent off.
(A) introducing
(B) introductions
(C) introduced
(D) introductory : 출시 기념의, 첫 구매 기념의
58. No more than four passengers are permitted in ___ taxi operated by the Halligan.
(A) any : 어떤 ~도
(B) all
(C) some
(D) such
59. located on/in 구분
be located in 도시이름
be located on 건물의 위치
ex) The newest branch of the library is located on Pine Street, directly across from the post office.
60. 풍부한 원천 = rich source
Nuts from Quintana Orchards can be a ___ source of vitamins and minerals for a nutritious diet.
(A) long
(B) various + 복수형 명사
(C) rich
(D) careful
61. 의문사 + to v
ex1) Tomorrow's session will train participants on ___ to prepare containers for overseas shipments.
(A) what + 불완전/to v
(B) how : how s+v/to v
(C) that : 전치사 뒤에 사용할 수 없다.
(D) then
what과 how가 to v를 종속절이 취할 때 차이점은 to v의 목적어가 있냐 없냐에 달렸다. 현재 containers 가 목적어로 배치되어서 완전한 형식을 취하기에 how가 정답이다. what이 오려면 to prepare의 목적어를 what이 대체해야 한다.
62. Applications recieved ___ the October 15 deadline will not be processed
10월 15일 마감기한 이후에 받는 지원서들에 대해서는 처리되지 않을 것이다.
(A) after : 전치사
(B) already : 부사
(C) while : 접속사
(D) often : 부사
63. Tickets to the museum's special exhibit may be ordered in advance on the Web Site ___ purchased upon arrival.
(A) or
(B) for
(C) where
(D) since
upon arrival : 도착하자마자
+ upon ~ing : ~하자마자
ex1) upon taking office, the new mayor immediately installed a hotline to allow residents to speak directly to him.
take office : 취임하다
64. Business travel is ___ for Shawton Associates by Young-Pyo Kim at Wright Air Transit.
(A) equipped
(B) attributed
(C) coordinated : 편성하다
(D) concurred : 동의하다
65. With the recent surge in electronic sales, industry analysts are anticipating that the device-to-person ___ will soon surpass earlier predictions.
최근의 전기제품 판매의 급증에 의해, 산업 분석가들은 사람당 기계의 비율이 지난 예측들을 곧 넘어설 것이라고 예상한다.
(A) division : 분할
(B) fraction : 단편
(C) part
(D) ratio : 비율
66. restraint : 억제/규제 = restriction, limit, limitation : 제한
*lift a restriction : 규제나 제약을 철폐하다 / 제한을 풀다
67. produce : 생산하다, 출간하다 / 명 : 농산물 (불가산)
productivity : 생산성(불가산) / production : 생산 / produce : 농작물 (불가산)
product : 제품, 성과, 산물, 결과
ex) the product of a merger between the two companies : 두 회사 간 합병의 산물
68. When the two software companies gave a presentation, the partner company had to choose one or ___
(A) other
(B) the other : 나머지 하나
(C) another's
(D) the one
69. 수량 일치 or 수일치
(1) one, another, each, every, either, neither + 단수명사
* (every two months 예외) once a week
(2) other, some, all, almost, all, most, most of the, a lot of, plenty of + 복수명사/불가산명사
(3) many, several, multiple, numerous, few, a few, fewer, both + 복수명사
ex1) The warehouse manager checked the inventory and discovered ___ out-of-date merchandise which he returned to the supplier.
(A) many
(B) one
(C) several
(D) some
*merchandise - 불가산
ex2) This automatic payment system gives our subscribers a lot of convenience.
ex3) ___ message was left for the vice president while he was away.
(A) All
(B) Most
(C) Another : 또다른
(D) Several
ex4) The years Ms.Wang has devoted to the Harford One Tire Company guarantee her a ___ pension
(A) skillful
(B) substantial
(C) loyal
(D) numerous + 복수명사
ex5) She thought there was enough flour to bake a large cake, but when she checked the pantry, she discovered that there was ___ left
(A) little + 불가산명사
(B) much
(C) few + 복수명사
(D) all
ex6) this problem is not about number size, but I was confusing it, then, write it in here.
Members of the online employment community support each other with information on job vacancies.
ex7) More people trust Wise Money Magazine for business and financial news than ___ publication.
(A) other
(B) another
(C) any other
(D) others
*publication : 1) 출판(행위) / 발표 - 불가산N / 2) 출판물 - 가산N
최상급
1. the -est / most
2. -er/more ~ +than any other 단수
3) 부정어 ~ -er / more + than
ex8) Gelncore International would like to request ___ guests to present their invitation cards upon entering the ballroom.
(A) every + 단수
(B) our
70. term : 조건/임기/기간/용어
*terms of the contract : 계약조건
*terms of the agreement : 합의조건
*in terms of : ~의 면에서 / ~의 점에서 보면
ex) In terms of employee benefits, Stirrup Telecommunications offers a generous amount of vacation time.
71. Mr. Kim kis confident that construction on the new baseball park will remain on schedule ___ two months of labor strikes.
(A) on
(B) by
(C) off
(D) despite
72. be skilled at / in ~ing
ex1) Mr.Claud is a specialist who is skilled ___ negotiating merger and acquisition deals.
(A) at
(B) within
(C) around
(D) about
73. add : 덧붙여서 말하다
ex1) The spokesperson ___ that DNH company will expand their inventory to include the latest mobile phone and wireless portable products.
(A) complimented : that x
(B) congratulated : that x
(C) added : that과 잘 어울린다
(D) implemented
75. proceed with : 진행하다, ~을 계속하다 / proceed to : ~으로 나아가다
76. The lodge staff asked the guest to store his ___ in the safe to prevent them from getting stolen.
(A) valuables : 귀중품들
(B) valuable : 귀중하다
(C) valuably
(D) valuableness : 귀중함
76. near과 nearby
near <prep> : ~근처에
nearby <adj> : 근처의, 인근의 / <adv> 근처에, 인근에
ex1) the cabinet <beside/nearby> the door
ex2) he would open a new cafe near the corner of ~
+ at the corner of, on the corner of
77. locate
locate : (정확한 위치를) 찾아내다 ; (특정 장소에) 위치시키다, 설치하다
ex1) ~help guests <locate/remind> a nearby restaurant.
ex2) The ticketing desk for J S is located by the airport's main entrance.
+ by +사람/장소 : ~의 옆에/가까이에 = beside, close to
78. in charge of N/ing
ex1) The HR manger is in charge of processing all incoming applications and choosing which candidates to interview.
process
<N> : 과정, 절차, 공정(가산)
<V> : 처리하다
processing : <N> 처리
ex2) please submit your application to our office for <process/processes/processing>
79. decide vs hope
decide to v
decide + o + o.c(to v)
hope to v
hope + o + o.c(to v) - (x)
hope (that) s+v
ex1) we <hope/want> you to enjoy our benefit
80. anonymous 빈출 표현
1) fill out the forms/surveys anonymously
2) an anonymous donation/comment
comment <N>, <V> + that s+v, on/about N
81. reward 정리
reward <N> 보상, <타동사> 보상하다
reward someone with/for something
ex1) Customers rewarded with discount coupons at CGS v o ~
82. feedback 불가산 !
ex) A <review/feedback> of all government policy affecting the environment was announced.
83. dispose of 묶어서 타동사 !
disposable : 일회용의
dispose of : ~을 버리다/처분하다
disposal of : ~의 처분
*be disposed of properly
84. that을 수반하는 부사절 접속사 정리
now that : ~때문에
given that, considering that : ~을 고려하여 / given(prep)
in that : ~이므로, ~라는 점에서 (보기에 오답으로 잘 나옴)
providing (that), provided (that), assuming (that) = if : ~라면
so that/ in order that : ~하기 위해서
ex1) Considering that the flight will take five hours, a meal will be provided after takeoff.
ex2) ____ Ms. Park appreciated the job offer from Seon Advisory Group, she declined the opportuinity because she would have to relocate.
(A) Now that : ~때문에
(B) Only if : ~하기만 한다면
(C) While : 이지만, 반면에
(D) Whether : ~인지 아닌지
ex3) ___ your return has been received, a refund will be issued to your account within three business days.
(A) in order that
(B) Instead
(C) Now that : ~이기 때문에
(D) Meanwhile : 그러는 동안에
issue : 지급하다, 발급하다
ex4) ____ the confidential nature of the experiments being performed there, it is no surprise that Blackwell Labs has tight security.
(A) Given ~을 고려하면
(B) By means of : ~수단으로
(C) Moreover : 더욱이
(D) In case :~할 경우에는
85. impact 동의어
impact : ~에 영향을 주다 = have an effect on = have implications for
86. subscriptions
subscriptions : 정기구독(료) ; 서비스 이용 ; (어떤 일을 위한) 요금
빈출 표현
-purchase/renew/cancel + one's subscription to 신문/잡지명
87. confident vs obvious
ex1) I am <confident/obvious> that Mr.song will be an asset to our company.
ex2) It is obvious that s + v
88. prove
prove
<타동사> : 입증하다 ; ~임이 판명나다
-> prove (to be) 명사/형용사
ex1) The public opposition has proved <strong/strongly>
89. 주어 +동사 (현재완료 <has/have p.p> or 과거동사) + in/over/during/for + the past/last 기간
ex1) The DSO has consistenly sold out its shows for the past five years
90. only + 부사/부사구/부사절 + 동사 + 주어 도치
ex1) Only after the incident was over and I finally returned home did I realize that s + v
91. credentials (항상 복수형) == qualification
92. attention to detail : 세부적인 것에 대한 꼼꼼한 관심
93. make it : 성공하다(=succeed in) ; 제시간에 도착하다(=manage to arrive on time)
ex) I apologize for being unable to make it to my second interview yesterday afternoon.
94. take advantage of : ~를 이용하다 / advantage(edge) over : ~에 비해서 가지는 장점
95. whether 한정사
either 한정사 (둘 중 하나의) / 대명사 (둘 중 하나)
whether 복합관계대명사 / 복합관계형용사
한정사 : 단순명사수식 가능
those 대명사/한정사(+가산복수명사)
that 명사절 접속사/관계대명사 /대명사/ 한정사(+가산단수명사)
ex1) you can also choose to cancel your plan for whether reason.
(A) either (B) whether (C) that (D) those
ex2) The enlarged medical center will serve residents of Howard City as well as those in smaller, nearby towns including Hanford and Edgewood.
96. need ing(= to be p.p)
+@
want / need/ require + 동명사 (=to be p.p)
need to v/ing(=to be p.p)
ex1) My house needs printing = My house needs to be printed.
ex2) Senior human resources personnel need to ___ at least two training events this year to be eligible for a bonus.
(A) have hosted
(B) be hosted
(C) have been hosted
(D) hosting
- need to v에서 다음에 at least two training events 라는 목적어가 있다. 따라서 답은 have hosted
ex3) The desk needs to be repaired == The desk needs repairing
ex4) We will require full access to your image database, and we ___ using PhotoStar for that.
(A) prefer
(B) require
97. 명사절 접속사 whether
ex1) Bill Schriver called in to say that he had not decided ___ to give the keynote speech at the medical assembly in August.
(A) even if 부사절
(B) though 부사절
(C) whether
(D) until 부접, 전치사
98. be reluctant to v : ~하기를 꺼리다
ex1) Although most people want to end the year-long comflict in the region, they are ___ to use military force.
(A) sympathetic : 동정심 있는, 인정 있는
(B) reluctant
(C) obedient : 순종하는, 충실한
(D) confident : 확신하는
99. head toward : ~를 향하여 가다
ex1) The children's parade organized by the local government will head ____ the park, after which participants will join in the games.
(A) between
(B) along
(C) toward
(D) throughout
100. a wide/diverse range/variety of
ex1) RPC offers a diverse range of apprenticeship opportunities for enthusiastic individuals.
ex2) The Tea and Danish Bakeshop on Second Avenue is popular with customers because of the wide variety of baked goods it offers.
101. 시도, 노력 : In an effort/attempt to v
102. be hesitant/reluctant/willing/able/ready/fortunate/about/due to v
*be about to: 막 ~하려고 하다 / be due to : ~할 예정이다
103. be responsible for / be suitable for / be compatible with
104 express one's gratitude/concern/satisfaction/worries
105. V + O + O.C(to v)
allow o to v
enable o to v
ask o to v
encourage o to v
cause o to v
force o to v
urge o to v : o가 ~하도록 강력히 권고하다
106. result in/from
* result in = cause
107. Ms. Vardy's trip to China had to be canceled unexpectedly because her visa was issued ___
(A) lately : <ad> 최근에
(B) latest
(C) lateness
(D) late : <adj> 늦은, <ad> 늦게
-> 함정 문제, 부사를 찍고 빠르게 넘어갈 수 있는데 late와 lately를 고려해야한다.
108. At this year's International Film Awards Show, acceptance speeches will be ___ to three minutes.
(A) commenced
(B) restricted
(C) allowed
(D) eliminated
109. In addition to being ___ to division supervisor, Mr Smalling will also receive a company car.
(A) promoting
(B) promoted
(C) promotion
(D) promote
be promoted to : ~로 승진하다 / In addition to : ~에 더하여, ~과 함께, ~이외에도
110. As soon as Muldoon Grill & Restaurant ___ its menu, the chefs started having difficulty cooking the wider range of dishes.
(A) collaborated
(B) expanded
(C) seasoned
(D) reduced
As soon as : ~하자마자 , have difficulty (in) -ing : ~하는데 어려움을 겪다. (= have issues -ing)
111. ___ your data and ideas before beginning to write your report.
(A) Organize
(B) Organized
(C) Organizing
(D) Organization
명령문 : 주어 (you) 생략, 동사원형으로 시작
112. 빈출
digital distribution : 디지털 배급
monthly rent : 월 임대료
113. settle [타] : 해결하다 [자] : 정착하다
ex1) Through several meetings, representatives from the two companies have settled the contract dispute.
ex2) The fifty-five story building on Oxford street has become the most famous landmark of the city, ___ last year.
(A) settled
(B) establish
114. The agency advises doctors to be ___ about the medications they prescribe to patients.
(A) intensive : 집중적인
(B) selective : 선택적인, 까다로운
(C) momentary : 순간적인, 잠깐의
(D) generic : 포괄적인
an intensive course, training
momentary confusion
a generic term
115. used to ~
1) s + used to v : ~하곤 했다
2) s[사물] + be used to v : ~하기 위해 이용된다
3) s[사람] + be used to 명사 : ~에 익숙하다
ex1) In East Asia, the herb has been used to treat certain kinds of diseases for centuries.
116. such + a/an + 단수가산
117. bring up : 화제를 꺼내다
Because the sales director's presentation ran so long, attendees could not bring up other topics during the meeting.
118. 과거 분사를 수식하는 부사
ex1) All confidential information is kept in securely stored files in the headquarters buildings.
119. Phelps Automative has gained a reputation for reliability because it follows ____ standards for road safety testing.
(A) persuasive
(B) rigorous : 엄격한
(C) vague : 모호한
(D) successive : 연속적인
120. Ms. Parker brought a gift for the CEO on his birthday but other employees did not think to do ____.
(A) always
(B) likewise : 똑같이, 비슷하게
(C) still
(D) rather
121. We will have to deal with the merchandise shipping problems as the ___ arises.
(A) situated
(B) situational
(C) situation
(D) sutiate
* as the situation arises : 상황이 발생하는대로, 그때그때
122. we will wait until the Board of Directors returns from New York before we schedule the event
123. Our airline is pleased to offer a variety of amenities designed to ensure passenger ___.
(A) comfort
(B) comforted
(C) comfortably
(D) comfortable
- passenger에 관사가 붙지 않았으므로 복합 명사를 만들어준다는 의미가 된다.
124. ___ are the investors' concerns about the latest venture that the company is proposing for the upcoming year.
(A) These
125. ___ most senior directors, Mr.Nguyen started his career in research.
(A) Although <접속사>
(B) Until : ~하지 않으면 <조건절 접속사>
(C) Contrary (-> contrary to : ~와 반대로 <prep>)
(D) Unlike : ~와 달리 <prep>
126. 전치사구 자리 전치사 to vs to부정사 구분
ex1) ____ the letter of request, North Ridge Suites is pleased to offer use of the main ballroom at a reduced rate to the Iduwe Society.
(A) So as to : ~하기 위해서 + v
(B) In response to + 명
(C) As an expression of : ~의 표시로
(D) In an attempt to + v
127. determine 뜻 : 결정하다 ; 알아내다
ex1) 알아내다
We will work with your team to determine the strengths and weaknesses of your department, whatever your specialization may be.
128. increase/decrease in + 증가/감소 대상
ex1) These has been a dramatic increase ___ commercial costs at the television network.
129. at a steep discount : 대폭 할인해서
ex1) Imperfect merchandise will be sold at a steep discount to secondhand stores, where it may be advertised as new.
130. Entegech is investing 300 millon dollars to build a wind turbine plant on the south side docks in Manchester, where it is headquartered.
where 또는 in which 사용
131. by the time : ~할 때까지
ex1) By the time you receive the fabric samples, it will be too late to register for a booth at the Conway Textile Show.
132. Easy-care plants such as potted palms can bring a natural touch to otherwise sterile office buildings.
sterile : 삭막한, otherwise : 그렇지 않으면
bring a natural touch to : ~에 자연의 정서를 심어주다.
ex1) Access to our thermal spring water pool is complimentary with a treatment. otherwise, the entry charge is $40.
133. argue 총정리
arguably : (충분한 근거를 갖고) 주장하건데
1) S beV ___ 관사/소유격 (+형용사) 명사
2) ___ S+V ~,
1) 논쟁하다 + with sb + about/over + sth
2) 주장하다
that S+V (O)
N (O)
for N : (찬성/지지)를 주장하다
against N : (반대)를 주장하다
argue his point forcefully : 강력히 주장하다
argue forcefully for a new community center
134. inquire about : 문의하다 / inquire into : 조사하다
135. credit with - 구동사&타동사
credit someone with something : A가 B에 대한 공이 있다고 여기다
(say or believe that someone is responsible for a particular achievement)
someone be widely/generally/wrongly(=부당하게, 잘못되게,그릇되게) credited with something
ex1) At the awards gala, Dustin was credited with improving the company's distribution network.
136. mean 정리
(동사) 의미하다, 의도하다 / (명사) 평균
mean to R(O)
mean + O + O.C(to R) -> be meant to R
(형용사) 인색한, (사람/행동이) 못된, 사나운
means : 수단, 방법 meaningful : 의미 있는, 중요한
137. At the art fair, members of the public were able to ___ the work of local crafts people.
(A) jeopardize : <v> 위험에 빠트리다, 위태롭게 하다
(B) appreciate : <v> (가치를)인정하다, 감사하다, 감상하다
(C) participate <자동사>
138. ___ the awards ceremony, the Invention Pro Expo concluded with a banquet.
(A) Intended for : prep : ~을 위해 의도된
(B) In spite of : prep : ~에도 불구하고 (=despite, notwithstanding)
(C) Subsequent to : prep :~다음에
(D) Adjacent to : prep : ~에 인접한
*conclude with : ~로 마무리짓다, ~로 끝내다
139. This memo serves as a ___ notice of the following change.
(A) commercial : 상업의, 무역의 ( + transaction)
(B) sustainable : 지속 가능한 ( + economic growth)
(C) preliminary : 예비의, 준비의 ( + results, findings)
(D) questionable : 의심스러운, 미심쩍은 ( + statement)
serve as : ~의 역할을 하다.
140. would like to v : ~하고 싶다.
ex1) We would like to ask for your feedback on the new program.
141. Travel King Budget Hotels now operate at an average of 50 percent capacity, but during high seasons, rooms are ___ booked.
(A) purely : 전적으로
(B) lately : + 현재완료 or 과거완료
(C) solidly : 빠짐없이(전부)
(D) kindly : 친절하게
capacity : 수용력, budget : 저렴한/알뜰한
142. Factories in close proximity to each other sometimes have to share roads and other infrastructure.
proximity : 접근
143. Half of the 가산 복수 + 복수 동사 / Half of the 불가산 + 단수 동사
ex1) Half of the funds earned through the community bike race have been set aside for local schools.
set aside : 따로 챙겨 두다.
144. have no choice but to v : to v하는 것 외에 다른 선택의 여지가 없다.
ex1) Due to technical issues we uncovered at the host venue, we have had no choice but to delay the workshop scheduled for next week.
145. The article about our restaurant is very much appreciated, and we are grateful for the publicity it generated.
publicity : 대중의 관심/홍보 grateful : 감사하는
146. established : 오래 존재하여 공식적으로 인정받는
ex1) As an established provider of stress reduction programs, we attract all sorts of clients, for businesspeople to entertainers.
147. According to the organizer, Ms. Elliot's exclusion from the conference was unintentional.
exclusion : 제외, 배제
according to : ~그에 따라 / accordingly : 부응해서, 그에 맞춰
+ Globe Communications and Smartware Firm ____ invested a total of 1.2 billion dollars in a cooperative venture that seeks to revolutionize network research.
(A) accordingly
(B) closely : 접근하여, 단단히
(C) jointly : 공동으로
(D) generally
148. Warren Gate's real estate team ___ heavily on referrals from past clients.
(A) charge : 청구하다
(B) appraises : 뜯어보다, 평가하다
(C) retreats : 후퇴하다
(D) relies + on : ~에 의존하다
149. discuss the issue == confer about the issue / observe the rules == comply with the rules
150. would rather : (~하느니 차라리) ~하고 싶다 / would like : ~하고 싶다 / had better : ~하는 것이 좋을 것이다.
ex1) Though invited to the ceremony, the delegate said he would rather return to his hotel.
151. The editor requested the ____ to give the manuscript one final check after seeing a few errors as he scanned the pages.
-해석 : 편집자는 페이지들을 훑어보면서 발견한 몇몇 오류들에 대한 마지막 점검을 해달라고 교정자에게 요청했다.
(A) proofread
(B) proofreads
(C) proofreader : 교정자
(D) proofreading : 교정
152. Many small business will be ___ affected by a new government ruling that permits wholesale corporations to establish warehouse clubs in districts.
(A) adversely : 불리하게
(B) approximately : 대략, 거의
(C) compactly : 빽빽하게, 소형으로
(D) suitably : 적합하게, 어울리게
153. After a 2-hour delay and a long and turbulent flight, most of the passenger were ___ as they disembarked.
(A) awkward
(B) irritable : 짜증을 내는, 화가 나는
(C) enthusiastic :
(D) insightful : 통찰력 있는
154. institute : 도입하다, 시작하다
ex1) Cross Country Airlines instituted a $25 fee for each checked bat, with an extra $5 for any bags over 70 pounds.
155. set the record : 기록을 세우다
ex1) When the sales team get a quarterly record, all of its members earned a bonus.
156. The rapid speed at which technology becomes ____ makes it even more important to find a cost-effective way to recycle outdated electronic devices.
(A) immediate
(B) obsolete : 쓸모 없어진다, 노후화되다
(C) separate : 분리된
(D) crucial : 중대한
157. HyView's newest entry into the curved screen monitor field ___ a high-definition, 70-inch display.
(A) boasts : 자랑하다
(B) aims
(C) locates : 위치를 찾아내다
(D) settles : 해결하다
158. vary <자동사> 정리 : 다르다, 다양하다
vary + considerably/greatly/widely/enormously
vary from A to B
ex1) According to recent surveys, opinions about the proposed campus expansion vary greatly from student to student.
159. Dr.Ming Yu applied to receive public funding last July and has ___ received a grant this year to finish his research.
(A) at last : 마침내
(B) even so : 그렇다 하더라도
(C) as for : ~에 관해 말하자면
(D) instead of
* grant (4형식) : ~에게 원하는 것을 가지거나 하는 것을 허용하다 / (가산명사) 보조금
ex1) No one ~ will be granted admission to the event
160. Results in a newly released survey show that the dominant reason people move to urban areas is to seek better jobs.
dominant : 주된, 지배적인
+ close <ad> 가깝게 / closely : 면밀하게
ex1) Mr Song will examine our current policy closely
161. newly vs lately
newly + p.p/형용사
newly + appointed/ hired/ released/ purchased/renovated N
ex1) We have experienced consistent sales increases lately because of our ongoing promotional efforts.
162. partly<adv> vs partial <adj>
163. remember / forget to v -> (미래에 할 것) 을 기억하다/잊다 / ~ing (과거에 한 것) 을 기억하다/ 잊다
ex1) Remember to include $5 with your form submission if you would like your application materials returned to you.
164. RRI Network just finished shooting the first season of New Chefs, a show ___ veteran cook Mitch O'Donnell recruits 12 young chefs to work at his business.
(A) in which : 전치사 + 관계대명사 + 완전한 문장
(B) that : 선행사 + 관계대명사 that + 불완전한 문장
(C) when
(D) in that
165. The manager thought the building was ideal for the new office as the ____ area had many convenient facilities.
(A) surrounding : 주위의
(B) surrounded
166. The chef's relaxed attitude stands ____ stark contrast to his commitment to quality.
(A) against
(B) in
(C) by
(D) upon
* in contrast (to N) :~와는 대조적으로
stark/marked/sharp contrast = obvious
stark : 극명한
stand : 보여주다
167. Mr.Roberts' recent election to mayor gives him a ___ to tax motor vehicles.
(A) mandatory : 의무적인(adj)
(B) mandate : v/n : 명령하다/(유권자들로부터 부여 받은)권한
168. The ___ beach was a little-known destination until just five years ago.
(A) rocky <adj>
(B) private <adj>
(C) pristine <adj> : 사람의 손길이 닿지 않아 원시 상태 그대로인 = it was virtually untouched
(D) refine <adj> : 정제된, 세련된, 고상한
169. In the presence of : ~가 있을 때에는
ex1) In the presence of new employees, the executive officer becomes friendly and more open to good-humored conversation.
170. make it a point to : 반드시 ~하다
ex1) An electronic goods store on Main Avenue makes it a point to promptly replace or refund any item with a defect.
171. To _____ the move to the new location, employee were told to pack everything on their desks except their computers.
(A) sustain : 견디다, 유지하다
(B) collaborate
(C) maneuver : 연습시키다, 조종하다
(D) facilitate : 용이하게 하다.
172. The energetic keynote speaker ___ the accounting convention from being a typical event.
해석 : 에너지가 넘치는 기조 연설자는 전형적인 이벤트가 될 뻔한 총회를 구해냈다.
(A) stored : 저장하다, 보관하다
(B) saved : 구하다, 모으다 / save A from B
(C) released : 풀어주다, 발표하다
(D) secured : 얻어 내다, 확보하다 secured the contract / secure a seat
+@
distinguish A from B : 구분하다
stop/prevent/prohibit/keep A from B : A가 B하는 것을 막다
- our exhibitation prohibit visitor from it's arts
obtain A from B : A를 B로부터 얻다.
differ from : ~과 다르다
benefit from : ~으로부터 이득을 얻다
refrain from : 삼가하다, 자제하다
ex1) If managers are in the middle of a meeting, please ____ from knocking on the door.
(A) refrain
(B) prohibit
(C) obtain
(D) differ
reserve a table |
reserve the right : 권리를 보유하다 |
consult with |
consult the manual : 메뉴얼을 참조하다 |
extend the deadline |
extend an special offer : 특별 할인을 베풀다(주다) |
contribute to the work |
contribute to a magazine/newspaper : 잡지에 기고하다 |
attend the seminar |
attend to the issue : 문제를 처리하다 |
report the problem |
report to the office : 사무실에 출근하다 |
advise him to do |
advise us of any change : 우리에게 변화를 알리다 |
communicate with ~ |
communicate his idea : 그의 아이디어를 알리다 |
apply for the course |
apply A to B : 바르다, 적용하다 |
accommodate 100 ~ |
accommodate the schedule : 일정을 맞추다 |
174. The back door should only be used ____ an emergency.
(A) in the event of = in case of : ~하는 경우에
(B) in regard to = with regard to = regarding : ~와 관련하여
(C) looking forward to : 기대하다, 고대하다
(D) in accordance with : ~따라서
174. enough : 형용사일 때는 앞에서, 부사일 때는 뒤에서 수식 !!!
ex1) Ivan was unsure if his car was operating well ____ to reach his destination.
(A) even : [adv] 심지어 ~ 조차도
(B) far : [adj] 먼 [adv] 멀리, 훨씬
(C) enough : [adj] 충분한 [adv] 충분히
(D) really
easy enough / enough size
ex1+1) easy enough to find : ~할 만큼 충분히
+ The client is likely to visit tomorrow : 막 ~ 하려고 하다.
175. New measures to ensure the safety of factory workers were recently introduced.
- to v의 형용사적 용법 : 명사 + to do[ ~할 명사]
ex1) Although the technician ___ me that the loosened belt was replaced, the same problem has continued
(A) assured 누구에게 of/that :확신을 주다
(B) ensure 무엇을/that : 보장하다/확신을 주다
176. We are looking for candidates with ___ experience in the field of customer service.
(A) peculiar : 독특한, 기이한
(B) extensive : 폭넓은, 광범위한
(C) inclusive : (가격에) 일체의 경비가 포함된
(D) limited : 제한된
177. The author of the best-selling detective fiction series ___ his last novel to an individual that no one knew.
(A) focused
(B) apportioned : 배분하다, 할당하다
(C) proclaimed : 선언하다, 공포하다
(D) dedicated : 바치다, 헌정하다
178. Rock-a-Bye Toys, Inc. puts its monthly rent ___ the category of business expenses on tax forms.
(A) on : ~표면 위에
(B) under : ~항목 아래에 / ~에 속하는
(C) for : ~위해, ~위한
(D) above
179. Although it is ___ the largest book retailer in the country, Nook's Books still faces competition from various online stores.
(A) currently : 현재
(B) recently : 과거 or 현재완료
(C) lately : 현재완료 or 과거완료
(D) previously : 과거 시제
180. The boat's seats were made of a special material that allowed them to serve as life preservers.
181. however : 부사 : 그러나 / 접속사 : 아무리 ~일지라도
ex1) however early Frank arrives, he always has trouble finding a parking lot.
182. Workshop participants were informed that the training would not focus ____ on mobile phone technology.
(A) slightly : 약간, 조금
(B) easily : 쉽게, 용이하게
(C) unbearably : 견딜 수 없이, 참을 수 없이
(D) solely : 오로지, 단독으로
183. In a recent survey, customers said that they were more interested in ___ rather than eye-catching products.
(A) functional : 기능적인
(B) available
(C) fertile : 기름진, 다산의
(D) rational
eye-catching : 단번에 눈길을 끄는
184. Researchers at the university have been able to make significant ___ in their sutdies using the new laboratory equipment that was purchased.
(A) progress : 진전, 진보
(B) buildup : 증강, 강화
(C) evaluation : 평가
(D) upgrade : 증가, 상승
185. According to political analysts, the senator from Pennsylvania will likely win the coming elections by a wide ___ over his rival from Arizona.
(A) measure : 측정, 조치
(B) extent : 넓이, 크기
(C) degree : 정도, 단계
(D) margin : 득표 수의 차이
senator : 상원의원, by a wide margin : 큰 차이로
186. Salespeople are entitled to receive a small salary under the revised company policy, ___ in previous years when they only earned commissions.
(A) besides : ~에 더해서
(B) unlike : ~와 달리
(C) despite :
(D) against : ~에 반대하여, ~에 기대어
commision : 수수료
187. By listing the household items they would ___ discard, students in the class learned how much they could save by recycling.
(A) accurately : 정확하게
(B) ordinarily : 보통, 대개는
(C) eternally : 영원히
(D) generously : 관대히
188. Customer loyalty programs are inexpensive when compared to the ___ amount of time, money, and effort that most businesses must put into finding new customers.
(A) trivial : 사소한
(B) punctual : 시간을 잘 준수하는
(C) selective : 선택하는, 선택적인
(D) considerable : 상당한
189. ____ had the guest speaker taken the stage to give her speech than a power outage occurred and the audio system stopped working.
(A) No smaller
(B) No later
(C) No sooner
(D) No shorter
* no sooner ~ than : ~하자마자 ~하다, take the stage : 무대에 오르다
190. A ___ committee composed of various professionals from the movie industry will review each of the entries to this year's film festival.
(A) screen : 화면
(B) screening : 심사
191. I've had to ___ to using the computer at a local library
(A) rely : 의존하다 + on == rely upon
(B) resort : 의지하다
ex1) Whenever an important proposal has to be written, the manager always relies upon Mr.Watson, our long-time project writer.
192. consider + ving
193. The club will also be welcoming 30 new members during a brief induction ceremony to be ___ over by the council.
(A) recited : 암송하다
(B) presided + over : ~의 사회를 보다.
194. in good standing : 회원비를 완납하여
ex) The event is open to all members in good standing.
195. 천제 listening chap 6 정리
clear up : 해결하다
tell the difference : 차이를 분간하다
you've got more urgent matters to deal with.
I'll walk you through them again : 다시 한 번 그것들을 차근차근 알려줄게요.
196. The ticketing clerk reminded the passengers of how important it is for them to arrive at the airport at least two hours before their scheduled departure time.
197. take the initiative : 주도권을 잡다
ex1) Employee shoud accept direction from their supervisor, but are also expected to take the inititive to solve any problems at work.
198. After failing to provide a solution for Ms.Green's back pain, Dr.Lewis referred her to an orthopedic specialist at Grace Hospital.
199. ascribe : 원인을 ~에 돌리다
ex1) The increase in volume of exports from Asia can be ascribed to innovative product design and assembly line technology.
200. profound : 심오한, 엄청난 = deep, extreme /
profound insight/book = deep
profound effect/impact = extreme
ex1) Digital Art's president, Christine Dalton, had a profound impact on the animation studio's early films.
201. ___ Socration's online program offers students is the opportunity for one-on-one interactions with instructor.
(A) while : 부사절 only
(B) which : 명사절 or 관계절
(C) where : 명사절 or 관계절
(D) what : 명사절 only
* what vs which
what |
which |
공통점 |
1. 둘 다 명사절의 재료다 2. 둘 다 뒤에 불완전 절이 온다 3. 둘 다 형용사의 기능을 한다. |
차이점 : 정해지지 않은 대상 |
선택의 대상이 있을 때만 사용 |
* offer sb sth
ex1) ___ impresses students the most is that Hackers Academia makes every effort to help them achieve their desired level at the TOEIC test.
(A) Which
(B) What
(C) Nothing
(D) Neither
202. intention : 의도
with the intention of sth
have no/every intention of sth
-> adj : intended to do /for N
ex1) Mr.Joo has every ___ of retiring this year and will divide his time between volunteering and writing books.
(A) intention : 의도
(B) objective
203. According to the Department of Transportion, the additional street lights and road signs have led to ___ safety conditions on the highway.
(A) improve
(B) improved
*lead to에서 to는 전치사이므로 명사가 오는게 맞다.
204. Classrooms are kept at a comfortable temperature to provide an environment that is ___ to learning.
(A) enviable : 부러워하는
(B) proficient : 능숙한
(C) profitable : 이익이 되는
(D) conducive : 도움이 되는
205. Once named MacDougal Road, the street will be called Cosa Road after the reconstruction is completed.
206. ___ with government laws on earphone use in public places will reduce the incidence of accidents on stairs and streets.
(A) Compliance : 준수, 응낙
(B) Fluctuation : 변동, 파동
incidence : 발생률, 발생
207. At the national pet show, the dog listened ___ to its trainer while the judge conducted an evaluation.
(A) powerfully
(B) subjectively : 주관적으로
(C) selfish : 이기적으로
(D) obediently : 고분고분하게, 순종적으로
* listen objectively to : 객관적으로 귀를 기울이다.
* conduct + (관사) evaluation / inspection / investigation / survey / research / interview / experiment
208. retrieve
1) 되찾아오다
ex1) Mr. Lopez wanted to retrieve a box from his office, but realized upon arriving that someone the door already.
2) 정보를 찾다
ex1) The data on Ms.Kim's computer could not be retrieved.
3) (좋지 않은 상태를) 수습하다
209. as long as : ~하는 한
ex1) Doctors are confident that the patient will recover quickly ___ he follows the recommended treatment.
(A) so that
(B) in case : ~경우를 대비해서
(C) as long as : ~하는 한
(D) by the time : ~할 때쯤
준수하다 - follow, obey, observe, comply with, abide by
210. To check on work quality, Ms.Farr watched the apprentice seamstress ___ a style of garment for the first time.
(A) alterd
(B) alters
(C) alter
(D) alteration
see, watch, hear, feel + o + o.c (능 - v<완결된 행위>/ 능 - ing<진행중인 행위> / 수 - p.p)
apprentice seamstress : 견습 여성 제봉사
* seamless(changing or continuing very smoothly) transition / movement
211 Call 555-~ ___ January 31 to qualify.
(A) by + 시점
(B) in + 월/연도
(C) within + 기간
(D) after + 기간/시점
212. versatile : 다재다능한
ex1) The famous director found RB to be sufficiently versatile to play almost any role, no matter how challenging.
+ no matter what / no matter how
ex2) The accountant needs to finalize the expense report before noon tomorrow no matter ___ difficult the paperwork is.
(A) what
(B) how
no matter what(무엇이/무엇을 하더라도)은 whatever과 동일하게 복합 관계대명사로서 부사절의 주어 또는 목적어의 역할을 하거나, 복합 관계 형용사로서 다음에 명사를 취해서 형용사 앞에 올 수 없다.
no matter how(=however=아무리 ~하더라도)는 however/no matter how + 형/부 + s + v 형태로 자주 쓰인다. 접속사 또는 전치사 since(~이래로)는 no matter과 함께 쓰일 수 없다.
213. make provisions for : ~을 위한 준비를 하다
ex1) All passenger vessels are required by law to make provisions for people with physical disabilities.
214. Assistants in law offices sometimes ___ legal documents that are difficult for most people to understand.
(A) signal : 신호로 알리다
(B) rephrase : 다른 말로 바꾸어 표현하다
(C) exclaim : 소리치다
(D) contain : 함유하다
215. This will be a great opportunity to ___ know your neighbors better and meet new people in the community.
(A) need to : ~을 필요하다
(B) get to : ~하게 되다
(C) have to : ~을 해야한다
(D) prefer to : ~을 선호하다
216. The country's tourism department recorded more than a million international ___ for the month of May.
(A) visitor
(B) visitors
a million이 복수 표현이므로 복수명사인 visitors가 정답
217. To meet ___ demand during this year, the administration agreed to hire five new workers of a full time basis.
(A) exemplary : 훌륭한, 모범적인
(B) unanimous : 만장일치의
(C) versatile : 다재다능한
(D) unexpected
218. collectively : 집합적으로/총괄해서
ex1) Many individuals have <collectively/thoroughly> contributed more than $ 50,000 to our organization.
1) be collectively responsible : 연대 책임을 지다
2) bargain collectively : 단체 협상하다
3) act collectively : 단체 행동하다
219. The gym posted a notice reminding members to behave in ___ with its rules and regulations.
(A) observance
(B) accordance
in observance of = in accordance with = in compliance with = ~를 준수하여
준수하다 = comply with / abide by / adhere to/ conform to|with / observe / obey /follow
comply with = be in compliance with = be compliant with
ex1) Our specific solutions ensure that your electrical installation is compliant with regulation.
220. extent : 정도 / extension : 연장|내선
extensive : 아주 넓은/대규모의
ex1) Employees at Hackers Education Group receive <extensive/entending> financial support when transferred to local branches.
221. Ms.Ames ___ knew that she could acquire the contract and acted on instinct during the client meeting.
(A) intuitively : 직관적으로
(B) obediently : 고분고분하게, 공소하게
(C) efficiently
(D) reluctantly
222. The marketing team's presentation was impressive, ___ they prepared it in such a short amount of time.
(A) considering : ~를 고려해볼 때 = given that
(B) unless : ~가 아니라면
given - prep : ~를 고려해볼 때
given that - 접속사
ex1) Given the expected road closure in Great Shefford, we will reschedule our store's opening for October 11.
223. The online fund-raiser attracted numerous supporters, each one of ___ contributed at least $20.
(A) who
(B) whom
of 다음에 목적어가 필요함
* at least + 숫자 / numerous + 복수명사
224. S (will / can /may) R (if s should R / should S R)
ex1) The real estate agent will suggest another property should the client not be interested in the first house.
propose/suggest + O(제안의 내용)
advise + O(사람)
ex2) Mr.Jung has <advised/proposed/suggested> us about ways to increase annual sales.
225. stop by = drop by = come by = swing by : 잠깐 들르다
226. be sure to R : 확실히 ~하다
ex1) you're sure to be impressed by our fashinable units that featured ~
walk in : 대형의, 큰
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